High temperature, thunder and lightning weather, how chemical companies have passed the high incidence of accidents
February 17, 2020
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Due to factors such as high temperature and lightning, the fire safety situation of petrochemical enterprises is severe. The frequent petrochemical accidents in the petrochemical industry have sounded the alarm. How do chemical companies weather the high incidence of accidents in extreme weather?
Chemical industry accidentsFrom the perspective of fire protection, the main factors of fire and explosion accidents in petrochemical enterprises are: 1. The raw materials, finished products and semi-finished products used in petrochemical production are mostly inflammable and explosive. Once these items are exposed to fire, they are prone to burning or explosion, and the fire is fierce and the propagation speed is fast. 2. Most of the petrochemical production uses high temperature, high pressure or cryogenic and negative pressure process conditions, causing fire and explosion accidents with great harm and serious consequences. 3. There are many power sources for petrochemical production. The fire source, power source and heat source are intertwined. If these power sources are improperly set or poorly managed, they can directly become the source of fire and explosion accidents. Human factor is the key The employees of petrochemical production enterprises should be relatively stable, strengthen the discipline of employees, formulate and strictly implement operational procedures, and improve the quality of employees' business and production and operation skills. 1 Full staff safety training. Regularly carry out fire safety education, strengthen employees' fire safety awareness, understand fire safety common sense, and enhance employees' fire safety quality. 2 Job safety training. For the staff of various positions, train the safety operation procedures of this position, so that they are proficient in the safe operation procedures of this position and hold the certificate. 3 Disposal accident training It is necessary to carefully formulate various accident handling plans for the actual situation of the hazardous area of ​​the process unit, and organize regular drills. During the drill, the problem correction plan was found to make the plan close to actual combat and improve the overall ability to handle the accident. In the event of an accident, it can be effectively disposed of, minimizing casualties and property damage. How to prevent fire and explosion accidents In the petrochemical production process, there are many factors contributing to the fire and explosion, and the aspects involved are also very wide. To prevent fires or explosions, the first priority is to strengthen the control of the fire source, prevent the formation of a combustion and explosion system with combustibles and combustion-supporting materials, and eliminate and strictly control all sources of ignition that can cause a fire and explosion. The main sources of fire and explosion are open flames, high heat and high temperature surfaces, friction and collision, adiabatic compression, self-heating, electrical sparks, static sparks, lightning strikes and light and heat rays. At the same time, the burning temperature of cigarettes is 650 to 800 degrees Celsius when smoking, 450 to 500 degrees Celsius when spontaneously burning, and can be smoldering for a long time, so smoking should be prohibited in places where there is a risk of fire and explosion. It is necessary to strictly control the use of open flames in production. For example, when heating flammable and explosive materials, open flame equipment should be avoided; the arrangement of open flame heating equipment should be kept away from process equipment and storage tank areas that may leak flammable gases or steam; when repairing fire, in fire and explosion hazardous areas Do not use ordinary electric lights, candles, etc., and use explosion-proof lighting equipment; Mars extinguishing devices should be installed on the exhaust pipes of motor vehicles entering the plant and tank areas. Battery vehicles should be strictly prohibited from entering flammable and explosive areas. Fire and explosion disasters often occur at unexpected moments, and their destructive power and lethality are far greater than other fires. Therefore, from a safety point of view, there should be corresponding emergency measures, such as emergency cutting of material conveying pipelines, venting equipment or switching to a safe place; temporary construction of spill-proof embankments, or trenching to direct liquid flow to a safe zone; Set aside a sufficient safety distance; start fire-fighting equipment; set up temporary disaster prevention organizations, etc., so that in the event of an accident, it can be limited to a certain extent, without expanding, and timely take remedial measures to reduce losses.
(Source: Binzhou Safety Supervision Office)
[Editor: Chen Guofang]
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