According to recent media reports, the brain's nerve activity never truly stops—it continues even when we're asleep. But can the brain ever fully shut down? And what would happen if it did? These questions have intrigued scientists for years. Recently, a groundbreaking study has revealed a way to "turn off" specific brain activity using light pulses, offering a new tool to explore the mysteries of the brain.
![Scientists use "light pulse" technology or can control human brain cell "switches"]()
This innovative approach is based on a technique called optogenetics, which allows researchers to control individual brain cells using light. By engineering special light-sensitive proteins, scientists can now activate or deactivate neurons with incredible precision. Over the past decade, this field has advanced significantly, and researchers have now developed more effective methods to turn neurons on and off.
The latest breakthrough involves modifying just 10 amino acids in a protein to enhance its sensitivity to light. This small change leads to a powerful tool that enables neuroscientists to precisely control neural circuits in real time—down to the millisecond. The method has already shown promise in animal models like mice and marmosets, demonstrating its potential for broader applications.
Because this technique uses light rather than invasive procedures, it causes minimal damage to surrounding tissues. This makes it especially valuable for studying neurological disorders and exploring new treatment strategies. With this new tool, scientists are one step closer to understanding the complex functions of the brain and developing targeted therapies for conditions like epilepsy, Parkinson’s, and other brain-related diseases.
Gate Valve
Gate valve is a relatively common general-purpose valve, the use of a wide range of applications, mainly in water conservancy, metallurgy and other industries, its extensive use of performance has been recognized by the market.
Gate valve structure: gate valve is the use of the gate and seat to control the opening and closing of the valve. Gate valve mainly has a valve body, valve seat, gate, valve stem, valve cover, stuffing box, packing gland, stem nut, hand wheel and other components. Depending on the change of the relative position between the gate and the valve seat, the channel size can be changed and the channel can be cut off. In order to make the gate valve close tightly, the mating surface of the gate plate and the valve seat are ground.
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