Civil aviation industry booming at airport security on the agenda

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the air transport industry has also experienced rapid development. According to the report of the National Civil Aviation Administration, there were 121 civilian airports in China in 2000, 160 in 2008, and 175 by the end of 2010. The civil aviation industry is booming, and airport security precautions are increasingly being taken seriously. However, recent incidents of intimidation on successive flights have brought airport security to a new level of concern.

News background: 42 days 5 flights intimidated At about 18:30 on October 9th, the Air China official issued a micro-announcement confirming that two flights received an unclear phone call before take-off to threaten the flight. At 20:00, two flights passed the rigorous inspection and found no exceptions. Passengers re-secured and boarded the plane and took off. Among them, flight CA1578 from Nanchang to Beijing safely arrived at the Capital Airport at 11:09 last night. From August 29 to October 9, only five flights including Air China, China Southern Airlines and Shenzhen Airlines were intimidated in only 42 days.

Civil aviation is flourishing and aviation security is on the agenda In the national 4 trillion economic revitalization investment plan in the second half of 2008, 70% of the funds were invested in infrastructure, and 12% of the infrastructure funds were invested in airports. Such a large investment will undoubtedly set off a new upsurge in airport construction. The rapid development of the air transport industry puts forward a higher requirement for the airport's safety management. As an important part of the airport's safety management, airport security has also ushered in a new round of construction climax.

After the 9/11 attacks in the United States in 2001, airport security has aroused the attention of governments of all countries and great concern of the international community. In order to ensure the safety of airports and air transport, major airports continue to increase security and security system construction investment, security systems are constantly upgraded, a variety of high-tech security technologies and products, especially advanced security equipment, iris, face recognition, intelligence Image analysis technology, etc., are constantly applied to airport security systems.

Video Surveillance: The airport surveillance video surveillance system is an important part of the airport security system. Large international airports generally consist of main runways, terminal buildings, air traffic control centers, freight centers, fire control centers, garages, aviation food plants, property buildings, border inspection buildings, and customs and many other units and areas under their respective jurisdiction. Both regional and regional security monitoring are required.

Many front-end points and wide distribution are the common features of airport security monitoring. Airport perimeters, terminal entrances and exits, various internal airport corridors, security checkpoints, terminal lounges, boarding bridges, baggage claim halls, flight areas, parking garages, lifts, escalators, machine rooms, public areas, and other key locations all need to be set up. Security camera. As a result, airports often have densely populated cameras. Take Beijing Capital International Airport as an example. About 2,300 cameras are installed in the single T3 terminal building. 30 monitoring centers, sub-control rooms, duty offices, and 128 video surveillance stations are established; Shanghai Pudong International Airport T2 terminal surveillance cameras also reached more than 2,000, a total of 12 video convergence access room and 18 sub-control centers.

1. Security Passage Monitoring The most densely populated area of ​​airport surveillance cameras must be a security check channel. All the way to a security pass will generally install 3-5 cameras, and some will also install a photo pinhole camera. Some special monitoring points are also equipped with high-sensitivity pickups for simultaneous video and audio recording, which ensures that events are completely backtracked and meet specific monitoring needs. There are 130 pickups installed at the T3 terminal of the Capital International Airport.

2. Computer room monitoring At the airport, we usually see only front-end cameras. Other related monitoring equipment is distributed in the engine room. In addition to the camera, the Capital Airport T3 terminal also installed 300 encoders, 320 decoders, 62 video servers (DVS) and 130 CRT monitors.

3. Perimeter monitoring Airport terminal buildings generally have features such as large area, complicated functional zoning, and multiple sharing requirements. Therefore, most monitoring systems use digital, networked, and distributed system architectures. Perimeter prevention system: to secure security fences for the airport According to incomplete statistics, in the world, there are 5 to 10 cases of smuggling of aircraft landing gear in each year. This not only involves all aspects of airport management, but also exposes the technical loopholes in these airports.

As we all know, the perimeter of the airport is often stretched by a dozen or even tens of kilometers. The environment is complex and it is difficult to prevent it. A single detection device is difficult to meet. Therefore, a variety of detection equipment must be used to form a three-dimensional protection and detection network. Most of the domestic airports currently use the second-generation “signal-driven” technology such as vibrating fibers, radiating cables, infrared radiation, tension fences, and high-voltage pulses. Inevitably, there are invisible alarms and false alarms. In June 2009, Shanghai Pudong International Airport took the lead in adopting the third-generation airport perimeter security system independently developed by China. This third-generation target-driven perimeter intrusion prevention system based on sensor networks has strong anti-interference ability and false alarms. The rate of missed police is extremely low, bringing revolutionary technological innovations to the perimeter of the airport.

Access Control: The best joint force of the monitoring system With the continuous development and maturity of radio frequency and biometric technology, it has provided strong technical support for the construction of airport access control systems.

The access control system is mainly concentrated in the channel isolation area, work area, and engine room. The system uses decentralized networked control. The center monitors in real time, and the cardholder uses the card to automatically enter and leave the security area according to the authorization obtained. The access control management software sets up access rights and management records, and automatically records the entry and exit of personnel. Usually use the built-in TCP/IP access controller. At present, the airport access control system mainly uses the IC card identification method.

The application of the access control system at the airport is mainly reflected in the need for system stability, database, and integration. According to the design requirements, the access control system must be linked with the video surveillance system (even the fire protection system) in order to conduct video review of the alarm incidents, abnormal events and daily conditions of the access control system. The task of the access control system is mainly to control the entrance and exit of the access doors and boarding gates between the passenger activity area and the working area, and the access gates between the working area and the apron, and the access gates of the important engine rooms. Each access door is installed. There is a card reader, and the in-and-out person holds the IC card with his/her access.

Public broadcasting: The preferred application of emergencies Public address system is part of the entire airport security system, taking into account fire emergency broadcasting. Its main function is to play airport flight information and airport business in public areas and office areas of airport terminals respectively. Information, special announcements, and emergencies have background music features. The broadcast mode can be manual broadcast or digital voice synthesis automatic broadcast. All equipment of the entire system is set up in the fire-fighting center, and broadcasting centers, security centers, and command centers can broadcast various types of information to each area through the microphone.

The public address system needs to be linked with the fire alarm system, and the fire control center can automatically implement the emergency broadcast mode through the control signals generated in the fire area.

The airport public broadcasting system generally adopts a distributed distribution design. The broadcasting source is prioritized and the emergency broadcasting has the highest priority. In an emergency situation, normal broadcasts in all response areas will be automatically cut off and replaced by emergency broadcasts from the fire control center so that fire commanders can use the broadcasting system to direct and guide passengers and all personnel in emergency evacuation, safely leaving the site and preventing the order in the field. confusion. Broadcasts in other broadcast areas can be broadcast normally without interference.

When the emergency broadcast starts, business broadcasts, background music broadcasts, and the like are automatically muted. When a blackout occurs and an emergency occurs, the system can be powered by batteries to ensure that the broadcast system is working properly. Airport surveillance camera selection and application features Intelligent video analysis: New technologies also have new forces. Intelligent video surveillance technology is derived from computer vision technology. The most commonly used function in video analytics technology is “intrusion detection”, which enables real-time tracking of video surveillance images. Analysis, through the separation of the background and the target in the scene, analyzes and tracks the targets that appear in the camera scene, and automatically detects the abnormal behavior of suspicious objects and people entering or leaving a certain area or within a certain period of time. The system will Alarms are automatically sent out and the monitoring station automatically pops up alarm messages and emits a warning tone. Image intelligence analysis technology has been applied to some extent in some domestic airports. In the design and construction of Shanghai Pudong Airport T2 terminal building, dynamic video detection technology was introduced.

The advantage of intelligent video surveillance is that it can monitor and analyze the surveillance area 24 hours a day, day by day, freeing the security personnel from the monotonous work of the "staring" monitor. Compared with personnel monitoring image screens, intelligent monitoring has higher reliability, can effectively improve the accuracy of monitoring and alarming, and greatly reduces the occurrence of false positives and false negatives. It can be foreseen that intelligent analysis and other new security technologies (such as iris, face recognition, etc.) will surely be more widely used in the construction of airport security systems in the future, thus safeguarding the safety of air transport.

Conclusion:

One month, 5 flights encountered a telephone threat. This density has been quite alarming and it is very rare in foreign countries. Zhang Qihuai, executive vice president and secretary-general of the Beijing Aviation Law Research Association, said in an explanation of the frequent occurrence of telephone threatening flight incidents that while strengthening the propaganda of behavioral crimes and penalties for criminal law, prevention of airport security facilities is also the focus of our consideration.