Air conditioning working principle

Air conditioners are divided into single-cooled air conditioners and dual-use air conditioners. The working principle is the same. The refrigerant used in air conditioners is freon. The characteristic of Freon is that a large amount of heat is released when it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. When it changes from a liquid to a gaseous state, it absorbs a lot of heat. Air conditioning is designed according to this principle.

The compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant, and then sends it to the condenser (outdoor unit) to become a normal-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, so that the outdoor unit blows out hot air.

Then to the capillary, into the evaporator (indoor unit), because the space suddenly increases after the refrigerant reaches the evaporator from the capillary, the pressure is reduced, the liquid refrigerant will vaporize, and become a gaseous low-temperature refrigerant, thereby absorbing a large amount of Heat, the evaporator will become cold, the fan of the indoor unit blows the indoor air from the evaporator, so the indoor unit blows out the cold air; the water vapor in the air will condense into water droplets when it encounters the cold evaporator. , flow out along the water pipe, this is the reason why the air conditioner will come out.

When heating, there is a component called a four-way valve, so that the flow direction of the refrigerant in the condenser and the evaporator is opposite to that in the case of cooling, so when the heating is performed, the outdoor air is blown by the cold air, and the indoor unit is blown by the hot air.

In fact, it is the principle of absorbing heat when liquefaction (from gas to liquid) learned in junior middle school physics is to discharge heat and vaporize (from liquid to gas).

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