Seven items to be supervised in the operation of agricultural electric motors

July 31, 2025

Seven Key Points to Monitor When Operating Agricultural Electric Motors

Source: China Bearing Network | Date: 2013-05-28
Electric motors are more convenient and reliable than diesel or gasoline engines, but they can still suffer from overheating if not properly monitored. To ensure safe and efficient operation, it's essential to keep an eye on the following seven key aspects during the use of agricultural electric motors. **1. Motor Temperature Rise** The temperature rise of a motor refers to the difference between its operating temperature and the ambient temperature. Each motor has a specific temperature limit based on the insulation class used. For example: - Y: 90°C - A: 105°C - E: 120°C - B: 130°C - F: 155°C - H: 180°C - C: Above 180°C Most agricultural motors use Class B insulation, allowing a maximum temperature rise of 75°C. Monitoring this is crucial—excessive heat can lead to motor failure. In rural areas, operators often check by touching the motor housing, but this method is limited in accuracy. Installing a voltmeter, ammeter, and overload protection devices is a more effective way to monitor temperature rise. **2. Noise, Vibration, and Smell During Operation** A healthy motor should run smoothly, quietly, and evenly, producing no unusual odors. If you hear strange noises like screeching, grinding, or knocking, or notice excessive vibration, it could signal internal issues. A burning smell may indicate damaged insulation, while a burnt oil odor might suggest bearing wear or lack of lubrication. These signs should prompt immediate inspection and maintenance. **3. Current Load and Balance** The current drawn by the motor during operation should not exceed the rated value on the nameplate. It’s important to check that the three-phase currents are balanced, with a deviation of no more than 10% between any two phases. Lack of phase operation is a common cause of motor damage, so it's vital to have proper phase protection in place, especially for larger motors. **4. Power Supply Voltage Stability** The motor's operating voltage should stay within ±10% of its rated voltage. For a 380V motor, this means the actual voltage should be between 242V and 418V. If the voltage drops below this range, the motor load should be reduced. Also, the three-phase voltages must be balanced, with a maximum imbalance of 5%. Excessive voltage fluctuations can shorten the motor’s lifespan and even cause it to burn out. **5. Fuse and Circuit Protection Status** Fuses serve as a critical short-circuit protection device. If one fuse blows, it can lead to phase loss, which is a major cause of motor failure. Operators should regularly check for blown fuses and ensure that the fuse rating is appropriate—typically 1.5 to 3 times the motor's rated current for small agricultural motors. **6. Condition of Transmission Components** Ensure that pulleys, couplings, and conveyor belts are secure and functioning properly. Any looseness, slippage, or damage to belt joints should be addressed immediately to prevent mechanical failures. **7. Bearing Operation and Lubrication** Bearings play a crucial role in motor performance. Rolling bearings (commonly used in small agricultural motors) should not exceed 95°C, while sliding bearings should stay under 80°C. Overheated bearings can cause grease leakage and serious damage. Regular inspection and proper lubrication are essential to avoid costly repairs. In summary, maintaining an agricultural motor requires constant attention to these key factors. Operators should use all available tools—such as meters and visual inspections—to monitor current, temperature, and other critical parameters. Any signs of abnormality should be addressed promptly to prevent downtime and costly damage.
**Related Bearing Knowledge:** - Four-row tapered roller bearing setup - Double row angular contact ball bearing inspection after use - Thrust bearing device analysis - NTN bearing faults and damages - Detailed information on rolling bearings This article was originally published on [China Bearing Network](http://www.chinabearing.net). Previous: Analysis of NTN Bearing Failures Next: SBI Company Explanation: Use and Characteristics of Slewing Bearings

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