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(4) Seawater Desulfurization: This method uses the natural alkalinity of seawater to absorb sulfur dioxide from flue gas. It does not produce any secondary waste or pollution, and can achieve a desulfurization efficiency of over 90%. However, the effectiveness of this process is highly dependent on the salinity of the seawater. In areas where the salinity is too low, such as in freshwater seas, the process becomes less efficient. Additionally, seasonal changes can affect the salinity, making it difficult to maintain consistent performance. Due to the limited absorption capacity of seawater for SOâ‚‚, large volumes are required when dealing with high-sulfur flue gases, which increases the cost and complexity of the system. As a result, this method is most suitable for low-sulfur coal combustion applications.
(5) Spray Drying Desulfurization (LSD Method): The process involves using lime as an absorbent. Lime is mixed with water to create slaked lime milk, which is then atomized into fine droplets inside an absorption tower. As the flue gas passes through, the sulfur dioxide reacts with the lime, forming calcium sulfite. The resulting solid particles are collected in a dust collector before the cleaned gas is released. This method is ideal for medium- and low-sulfur coal flue gases, achieving a desulfurization rate of approximately 75%. The by-products mainly consist of calcium sulfite, along with small amounts of calcium sulfate and soot. These five methods all focus on post-combustion desulfurization, while the next two processes target sulfur removal during the combustion phase.
(6) Desulfurization Gypsum Ball Press for Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler (CFB): In this process, limestone is used as the desulfurization absorbent. The coal and limestone are fed into the lower part of the boiler's combustion chamber, where they are mixed with primary and secondary air. The heat causes the limestone to decompose into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. This creates a fluidized bed environment, allowing the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to react with the calcium oxide, forming calcium sulfite. Unreacted materials are recycled back into the combustion chamber to improve the efficiency of the absorbent. This method is particularly effective for medium- and low-sulfur coal, achieving a desulfurization rate of over 90%. The by-products, mainly calcium sulfite and some calcium sulfate, are discharged along with fly ash.
(7) LIFAC (Limestone Injection and Humidification) Method: This technique involves injecting limestone powder into the furnace at temperatures between 850°C and 1150°C, where it decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. The calcium oxide then reacts with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to form calcium sulfite. Since the reaction occurs between gas and solid phases, the reaction rate is relatively slow, and the utilization of the absorbent is low. To enhance efficiency, humidified water is sprayed into the flue gas at the tail end, allowing unreacted calcium oxide to further react and remove additional sulfur dioxide. However, due to the large amount of limestone required (Ca/S ratio around 2.5), this method can reduce boiler efficiency and increase the size of the ash handling system. Therefore, it is best suited for low-sulfur coal. When the Ca/S ratio is 2.5 or higher, the desulfurization efficiency ranges from 65% to 80%, with by-products mainly consisting of calcium sulfite and a small amount of calcium sulfate.
All these desulfurization techniques have practical applications. Currently, about 85% of global power plant flue gas desulfurization systems use wet methods. Among them, the limestone/lime-gypsum wet desulfurization method accounts for 36.79%, while other wet methods make up 48.3%. In China, 85% of flue gas desulfurization facilities also use the limestone/lime-gypsum wet method.
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Analysis of flue gas desulfurization by desulfurization gypsum ball press
Contact: Fu Manager, 15036196719, Gongyi City, Henan Province, high-speed intersection, Zhengzhou Zhongzhou Coal Machinery Factory, ball press, desulfurization gypsum ball press, briquette ball press, mine powder ball press, coke end ball press