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How to add nutrient solution to edible fungi
How to properly apply nutrient solution to edible fungi?
Adding a nutrient solution to edible fungi is an essential practice to enhance their growth and yield. There are several effective methods, including spraying, soaking, and filling. Spraying is commonly used when fruiting bodies are abundant. A nutrient solution of appropriate concentration is prepared and combined with hydration, then sprayed onto the growing medium and blocks. It is best to spray during low tide, and care should be taken not to direct the nozzle toward the fruiting bodies. Additionally, there are four situations where spraying should be avoided: young mushroom buds, after harvesting or when there are leftover mushrooms, when humidity is too high, and when pests or diseases are severe.
Soaking is ideal for bag or block cultivation. After harvesting 1–2 batches of oyster mushrooms, if the growing bag or block is severely dehydrated, it can be soaked in the nutrient solution. However, the soaking time should not be excessive; if necessary, divide the process into multiple sessions. The filling method is mainly used on the mushroom bed. When there are many mushrooms and the nutrient demand is high, the soil on the bed should be opened, a funnel inserted into the surface, and 4–7 ml of nutrient solution added per hole, spaced 10 cm apart. After application, the soil should be covered.
The concentration of the nutrient solution must be carefully adjusted. Too high a concentration may hinder mycelium growth, while too low a concentration may not significantly increase yield. The right concentration also depends on the moisture level of the growing material. If the material is very wet, the nutrient concentration can be slightly increased to reduce water usage, followed by improved ventilation. Conversely, if the material is dry, the concentration should be reduced, and more water should be added.
Environmental conditions also play a key role. When temperatures exceed 20°C, the formation of fruiting bodies becomes difficult, so rehydration should be paused. At temperatures above 18°C, glucose solutions, soy milk, or human urine should not be added. To prevent bacterial spread, a suitable bacteriostatic agent can be included in the nutrient solution.
It is also recommended to alternate different types of nutrient solutions to provide a balanced supply of nutrients. First, a basic nutrient solution is applied, followed by a high-efficiency one. If using hormones to stimulate growth, they should be applied after the nutrients have been added.
Finally, organic fertilizers such as compost or manure should be fully fermented or sterilized before use. Natural plant extracts like bean juice or potato juice should be used immediately after preparation to ensure effectiveness.
By following these guidelines, growers can optimize the health and productivity of their edible fungi, ensuring a successful harvest.