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Introduction of Taishan Jade
Taishan Jade, known in English as Taishan Jade, is a type of serpentine jade found in the Taishan Mountain region. According to ancient texts like the "Shan Hai Jing," it is mentioned that "Taishan is on the top of the jade... The water flows out, and the east stream is injected into the river, with the water being jade." Long before the Qin and Han dynasties, Taishan Jade was already well-known in China. Historical records from the "Five Yuezhi" also mention "Taishan Fangyuan forty-four, Duozhimei jade."
Taishan Jade is rare and often referred to as "Zhenshan Jade" or "Evil-Dispelling Jade." It is mainly found in the western part of Mount Taishan. Experts have classified it based on color into three types: green jasper, black ink jade, and duck egg blue jade. Its hardness ranges from 4.5 to 6, with a relative density between 2.53 and 2.85. The stone is generally translucent to slightly transparent. Small black spots, typically 2–3 mm in diameter, are common, containing magnetite. Additionally, it may contain tiny pyrite particles less than 1 mm in size. When polished, these pyrite inclusions can reflect a subtle golden sheen, enhancing its aesthetic appeal.
Taishan Jade originates from the foothills of Taishan Mountain in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. It is a type of serpentine jade, characterized by its dense, blocky structure, delicate, and warm texture. The primary colors are green, with variations including dark green and black. The stone often contains black and yellow spots. It exhibits a translucent to slightly transparent appearance with a waxy luster. Its hardness is approximately 5.8. There are several varieties, such as Taishan Jasper, Taishan Moyu, and Taishan Cuiye Jade.
Taishan Jade has a long history of use, dating back to pre-Qin times, and has been widely used for carving handicrafts. It is a form of serpentine rock, formed through metamorphic ultrabasic magma deposits. These deposits are mainly located in Fangzhuang and Shishao villages in Daolang Town. It is often found alongside serpentine and chrysotile. The total estimated reserves of serpentine reach about 12 million tons.
Taishan Moyu is known for its fine texture and black, crystalline color, appearing green under sunlight. When sliced, it displays various patterns of transparency, making it highly valued. Taishan Jasper features a clear, glass-like texture, with shades of green resembling the river Xiahe, including dark green and deep green tones. The fresher green hues are particularly prized. Taishan Cuiye Jade, also called Baiyun Jade, has a clean white base with light green patterns, giving it an elegant look.
Although Taishan Jade has been mentioned in legends for centuries, the exact location and quantity of its deposits remain unclear. In May 2009, the Fifth Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Minerals discovered a large jade deposit near Xiqiao, Taishan, in Tai'an. During a geological survey in Shila Village, Congee Street, Daiyue District, a significant reserve was identified. Preliminary estimates suggest over 9 million tons of deposits, distributed in strip-shaped formations across an area of about 4 square kilometers, with depths up to 100 meters.
Taishan Jade is a type of serpentine jade, with a dense, block-like structure and a hardness of around 5.8. It is formed within the Taidian sub-unit of the Nanpupo super-element during the Neoarchean Luping period. The lithology consists of metamorphic ultrabasic rock, with an age of approximately 2.5 billion years. The formation process involves deep intrusion along tectonic lines, where magnesium-rich ultrabasic rocks undergo high-temperature gas-liquid metamorphism, resulting in a metamorphic ultrabasic magmatic deposit.