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In recent years, concerns have been growing over the increasing amount of renewable energy being wasted in Germany. According to data released by the Federal Network Agency, the country's power grid regulator, the volume of renewable energy that couldn't be connected to the grid tripled between 2010 and 2011. Specifically, in 2011, a staggering 421 GW of renewable energy was abandoned—compared to just 127 GW in the previous year.
The agency attributed this issue to the rapid and uncoordinated expansion of renewable energy sources, particularly wind power, coupled with inadequate investment in the electricity grid infrastructure. Wind farms are predominantly located in northern Germany, where conditions are ideal for wind generation. However, the southern regions face a significant demand gap, especially after the phase-out of nuclear power. The lack of sufficient transmission lines has made it difficult to transport surplus wind energy from the north to the south, leading to severe curtailment of wind power in the north.
Under German law, renewable energy sources have priority access to the grid. This means that even if the grid cannot accommodate the generated electricity, utility companies are required to compensate renewable energy producers. As a result, in 2011 alone, grid operators paid 33.5 million euros to cover the costs of unused renewable energy.
While this figure may seem small compared to the overall investment in renewables—Germany spent approximately 14 billion euros on renewable energy in 2012 (around 113.1 billion yuan)—the rising trend of energy waste raises serious concerns. It highlights the urgent need for better planning and infrastructure development to support the transition to a sustainable energy system.
Note: The exchange rate used in this article is 1 Euro = 8.0755 Chinese Yuan.