Three types of wood and texture from the ornamentation to determine the age of furniture

Patterns serve as a strong foundation for determining the age of furniture, often reflecting distinct historical characteristics. When examining the decorative elements on furniture, one can observe striking similarities with those found on porcelain. During certain dynasties, popular motifs tend to spread across various artistic domains, influencing each other and creating a shared visual language. Nothing exists in isolation, and styles often transcend time and space. The decorative patterns seen on furniture are frequently mirrored in porcelain art.

By using porcelain ornamentation as a reference point, we can establish a more reliable standard for identifying the period of furniture production. For example, the red sandalwood pattern throne is a well-known classic piece. Historical records confirm it was made during the Ming Dynasty. However, when comparing it with a large blue-and-white vase featuring lotus motifs, questions may arise. The lotus design on the vase matches the one on the throne in detail—clear veins, balanced symmetry, and soft, delicate petals. Though different in form, their beauty is equally captivating. This suggests that the lotus pattern on the throne might not necessarily be from the Ming era. In fact, the lotus-patterned vase clearly bears the inscription "Daqing Qianlong," indicating it was made during the Qing Dynasty.

The huanghuali wood unicorn design chair is another famous piece, traditionally attributed to the Ming Dynasty. Its backrest features a three-part frame, with the central section adorned with a unicorn and cloud patterns. The unicorn stands facing backward. While it's common to determine the age of such a chair based on its design, a closer comparison with porcelain decorations reveals key clues. On Ming Dynasty porcelain, qilin (a mythical creature similar to a unicorn) were typically shown lying down, with both front and rear legs on the ground. By the late Ming and early Qing periods, they were depicted sitting, with the front legs no longer straight but the hind legs still resembling the Ming style. During the Kangxi Emperor’s reign, qilin were shown standing upright. Based on these rules, the chair must have been produced during a specific period, making it difficult to attribute it solely to the Ming Dynasty.

Another notable piece is the walnut-wood single-panel three-screen arhat bed, which features a Bogu pattern identical to those seen on Kangxi-era blue-and-white porcelain. From layout to content, the design closely mirrors the standard Bogu motif. The Bogu pattern became popular twice in the Qing Dynasty—once during the Kangxi period and again in the Tongzhi and Guangxu eras. Each time, the meaning and style evolved. The earlier version emphasized elegance and leisure, while the later one reflected scholarly aspirations. These differences highlight the changing cultural values over time. Recognizing these nuances allows us to distinguish between early and late Qing Bogu patterns, offering insight into the emotions and aesthetics of past generations.

Understanding the deeper meanings behind cultural relics requires a broader knowledge of the political, economic, and social context of the time. It's not just about identifying styles—it's about connecting with the spirit of an era. Through careful observation and historical awareness, we can better appreciate the craftsmanship and stories hidden within each piece of furniture.

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