Fire Science Popular: The original stairwell has so much stress!

1. The underground and semi-underground buildings ( rooms ) whose indoor floor and outdoor entrance floor height is more than 10m or 3 floors above , and the evacuation stairs shall use smoke-proof stairwells; other underground or semi-underground buildings ( rooms ) shall be evacuated. Stairs should use closed stairwells.

2. The fireproof partition wall with a fire- resistance limit of not less than 2.00h shall be used on the first floor to separate it from other parts and shall be open to the outside. When it is necessary to open the door on the partition wall, a Class B fire door shall be used.

3. The underground or semi-underground part of the building should not share the stairwell. If it is really necessary to share the stairwell, the fireproof wall with fire-resistance limit of not less than 2.00h and the fireproof door of class B shall be used underground or semi-underground. Part of the connection with the ground part is completely separated, and should be set clear signs.

Second, closed stairwell

In addition to meeting the requirements for evacuation of stairwells, a closed stairwell should meet the following requirements:

1. When natural ventilation or natural ventilation cannot meet the requirements, a mechanical pressurized air supply system or a smoke-proof stairwell should be provided.

2. In addition to the entrance and exit windows of the stairwell, other doors, windows, and openings shall not be provided on the walls of the stairwell.

3. High-rise buildings, densely-populated public buildings, multi-layered C-class factory buildings and Class A and B factory buildings with dense personnel, the doors of the closed stairwells shall be Class B fire doors, and shall be opened to the evacuation direction; other buildings may Two-way spring door is used.

4. On the first floor of a stairwell, walkways, entrance halls, etc. can be included in stairwells to form an enlarged closed stairwell, but Class B fire doors etc. should be used to separate from other walkways and rooms.

Third, smoke prevention staircase

In addition to the requirements for evacuation stairs, smoke-protected stairwells should meet the following requirements:

1. Smoke prevention facilities should be provided.

2. The front room can be used in conjunction with the fire elevator front room.

3. The use of the area in front of the room: public buildings, high-rise factory building (warehouse), not less than 6.0m ²; residential construction, should not be less than 4.5m ².

When used in conjunction with the fire elevator front room, the usage area of ​​the combined front room: public buildings, high-rise buildings ( warehouses ) shall not be less than 10.0m 2 ; residential buildings shall not be less than 6.0m 2 .

4. Class B fire doors shall be used for evacuation of the access road leading to the front room and the access of the front room to the stairwell.

5. Except for the stairwell outside the residential building, there shall be no other doors, windows, or openings other than evacuation doors and air outlets on the walls of smoke-proof stairwells and front rooms.

6. On the first floor of the stairwell, walkways, foyers, etc. can be included in the front room of the stairwell to form an enlarged front room, but Class B fire doors etc. should be used to separate from other walkways and rooms.

Scope of application

One, enclosed stairwell

(i) The following evacuation stairs for multi-storey public buildings shall use enclosed stairwells, except for stairwells directly connected to the open verandah:

1. Medical buildings, hotels, older buildings, and buildings with similar functions;

2. Set up a building for singing, dancing, and entertainment;

3. Stores, libraries, exhibition buildings, conference centers, and similar functional buildings;

4.6 floors and above other buildings.

(2) For podiums and Class II high-rise public buildings with a building height of not more than 32m , enclosed staircases shall be used for evacuation stairs.

(3) Residential buildings whose building height is more than 21m and not more than 33m .

(4) Closed stairwells shall be used for the evacuation stairs of high-rise factory buildings and Class A, B and C multi-storey factory buildings.

(e) Evacuation stairs in high-rise warehouses should use closed stairwells.

(6) A garage with a building height of no more than 32m , and a closed stairwell should be used for the repair garage.

(Vii) a cinema, auditorium; construction area of more than 500m ² hospitals, hotels; construction area of more than 1000m malls, restaurants, exhibition halls, public places of entertainment, sports and fitness venues and other public places ² of civil air defense projects, the local is When two floors are located and the height difference between the indoor ground floor and the outdoor entrance floor of the second floor underground is not more than 10m , a closed stairwell shall be provided.

(8) In addition to the self-use stairs in the residential building enclosures , the underground and semi-underground buildings ( rooms ) with an elevation difference of no more than 10m or no more than 2 floors shall be used for the evacuation stairs.

Second, smoke-proof staircase

(1) For a Class II high-rise public building and a Class II high-rise public building with a building height of more than 32m , smoke-proof stairwells shall be used for evacuation stairs.

(2) Smoke-resistant stairwells shall be used in residential buildings with a building height of more than 33m .

(3) In addition to the self-use staircases in the residential building enclosures, the underground and semi-underground buildings ( rooms ) with an elevation difference of more than 10m or 3 floors above the indoor floor and the outdoor entrance and exit floor shall use smoke-proof stairwells for the evacuation stairs.

(4) Smoke-protected stairwells shall be used for buildings with a building height of more than 32m and a population of more than 10 persons on any floor .

(5) Anti - tobacco stairwells shall be used in underground garages with a height difference of more than 10m between a high-rise garage with a building height of more than 32m and indoor floor and outdoor access floors.

(F) has a cinema, auditorium; construction area of more than 500m ² hospitals, hotels; construction area of more than 1000m public spaces of shopping malls, restaurants, exhibition halls, public places of entertainment, sports and fitness venues and other air defense projects ² when the underlying interior When the height difference between the floor and the outdoor entrance and exit floor is greater than 10m , a smoke-proof stairwell shall be provided.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.