Air bearing operation principle

The Operation Principle of Air Bearings

Source: Bearing Network | Time: 2012-12-28

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Air bearings are a type of bearing that uses a thin layer of pressurized air to support and suspend a rotating shaft, eliminating direct contact between moving parts. This technology is widely used in high-speed and precision applications such as motor spindles, machining tools, and other industrial equipment. The operation principle of an air bearing relies on the formation of an air film between the rotating shaft and the bearing surface. This air film is generated by introducing compressed air into the bearing cavity, creating a small but precise gap that allows the shaft to rotate smoothly without friction. Unlike traditional rolling or sliding bearings, air bearings do not require lubrication, which reduces wear and increases service life. One of the key advantages of air bearings is their ability to achieve extremely high rotational speeds, often reaching up to 120,000 revolutions per minute (RPM). This makes them ideal for use in ultra-high-speed spindles, where accuracy and stability are critical. The absence of physical contact also ensures minimal vibration and noise, resulting in enhanced machining precision and product quality. In addition to high speed and precision, air bearings offer excellent load-carrying capacity and thermal stability. They are commonly used in applications such as CNC machines, semiconductor manufacturing, and precision metrology equipment. The design of air bearings also allows for easy maintenance and long-term reliability, making them a preferred choice in many modern industrial systems. This suspension system is not only used in motor spindles but also in various other types of air bearings, including those found in grinding heads, rotary tables, and precision measuring devices. Whether it's for high-speed machining or ultra-accurate positioning, air bearings provide a reliable and efficient solution.
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